Core Noun Cases

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3.2.1 core cases

aldar, tree
core cases inflection singular plural semantics
ergative -e aldarre eldairre tree(s) [A]
absolutive - aldar eldair tree(s) [S/O]

3.2.1.1 ergative

The Ergative case is used for nouns in A-function to a transitive predicate.

The boy is eating the soup.
ir adhanisse eliras im mathmear ervathien
(adrasir ne masma ammastos)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
ir  adhanisse                     eliras                 
i   adh         =an   =is    -e   el-        -ir   -as   
the second(man) =masc =small -[A] assertive- -prog -pres 
det qty         =gnd  =dim   -erg mood-      -asp  -tense
the boy                           does                   

in         mathmear          ervathien                     
in         matho mear   -0   er-  matho -ie      -n        
agt.to.thm eat   liquid -[P] do-  eat   -agt/thm -actn/proc
ptp        v     n      -abs agt- v     -val     -vc       
agt.to.thm soup              eat

3.2.1.2 absolutive

The Absolutive case is used for nouns in S-function to an intransitive predicate.

The woman is sleeping.
en ir anariel murmarth
(adlair murmath)
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(elieth)                an     ir  nardhiel        
el-        -i    -eth   an     i   narid  =iel -0  
assertive- -perf -past  to.pat the person =fem -[S]
mood-      -asp  -tense ptp    det n      =gnd -abs
do                      to.pat the woman           

murmarth         
murmo -a   -rth  
sleep -pat -state
v     -val -vc   
asleep

and in P-function to a transitive predicate.

The boy is eating the soup.
ir adhanisse eliras im mathmear ervathien
(adrasir ne masma ammastos)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
ir  adhanisse                     eliras                 
i   adh         =an   =is    -e   el-        -ir   -as   
the second(man) =masc =small -[A] assertive- -prog -pres 
det qty         =gnd  =dim   -erg mood-      -asp  -tense
the boy                           does                   

in         mathmear          ervathien                     
in         matho mear   -0   er-  matho -ie      -n        
agt.to.thm eat   liquid -[P] do-  eat   -agt/thm -actn/proc
ptp        v     n      -abs agt- v     -val     -vc       
agt.to.thm soup              eat